中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
COP15开启全球生物多样性恢复“新十年”****** (生物多样性大会)COP15开启全球生物多样性恢复“新十年” 中新社昆明10月15日电 题:COP15开启全球生物多样性恢复“新十年” 中新社记者 胡远航 陈静 《生物多样性公约》第十五次缔约方大会(COP15)第一阶段会议15日下午在中国昆明落幕。大会成功举办高级别会议,发布了“昆明宣言”,推进《生物多样性公约》的进程,为下一阶段会议的成功提供了重要保障。 《生物多样性公约》秘书处执行秘书伊丽莎白·穆雷玛评价称,“此次大会是一次非比寻常的大会,让生物多样性恢复走上‘复苏之路’。” 为全球生物多样性治理提供了高级别政治推动力 受新冠疫情影响,COP15的会期两次推迟,最终确定于今年10月和明年分两阶段举行。刚刚落幕的第一阶段会议以线上线下结合的方式召开,包含高级别会议、生态文明论坛等,吸引来自140多个缔约方及30多个国际机构和组织,共计5000余位代表参会。 在为期两天的高级别会议中,共有9位国家政要以及联合国秘书长出席了领导人峰会,119个缔约方和26个国际机构和组织共计125位部长级代表和24位驻华大使出席了会议。会议规格之高,出席的国家领导人之多,在《生物多样性公约》缔约方大会历史上是第一次。 会中,多国领导人和国际组织负责人呼吁,各国要团结一致,采取务实行动,加强全球生物多样性保护和生态环境治理。要尽快采取行动,促进知识创新和惠益分享,加大资金、技术和能力保障等。 中国生态环境部部长、COP15主席黄润秋称,此次高级别会议,为全球生物多样性治理提供了高级别的政治推动力,为下一阶段的工作指明了方向。 “昆明宣言”,指明新十年生物多样性恢复之路 第一阶段会议13日通过“昆明宣言”,这是大会的主要成果之一。“昆明宣言”承诺确保制定、通过和实施一个有效的“2020年后全球生物多样性框架”,以扭转当前生物多样性丧失趋势,并确保最迟在2030年使生物多样性走上恢复之路,进而全面实现“人与自然和谐共生”的2050年愿景。 除此之外,“昆明宣言”还作出“增加为发展中国家提供实施‘2020年后全球生物多样性框架’所需的资金、技术和能力建设支持”“各国政府继续合作推动将保护和可持续利用生物多样性纳入或‘主流化’到决策中”“加强和建立有效的保护地体系”等16项承诺。 伊丽莎白·穆雷玛表示,“昆明宣言”集中反映各方的政治意愿,向国际社会发出遏制生物多样性丧失的强烈政治信号。 中国方案,引领全球生物多样性保护 本届大会主题为“生态文明:共建地球生命共同体”,这是联合国环境公约缔约方大会首次将“生态文明”作为大会主题。会期,线下现场还举办生态文明论坛,围绕“应对气候变化与保护生物多样性”“生态文明与生物多样性保护主流化”“绿水青山就是金山银山:从理念到实践”等议题进行了深入探讨,并发布“保护生物多样性,共建全球生态文明”倡议。 “生态文明”“绿水青山就是金山银山”等中国智慧,成为此次论坛的热频词。联合国环境规划署执行主任英厄·安诺生说,“绿水青山就是金山银山”的理念已被中国社会广泛接受,这提升了中国在生物多样性保护方面的引领者地位。伊丽莎白·穆雷玛称赞,在应对生物多样性丧失、生态系统退化、污染和气候变化等全球危机方面,中国政府取得了非凡的成就,这在论坛中得到充分体现。 此外,本次会议还审议《生物多样性公约》缔约方大会、《卡塔赫纳生物安全议定书》和《名古屋议定书》缔约方会议闭会期间的工作进展情况等,通过了《生物多样性公约》秘书处提出的2022年临时预算,为下一阶段的会议成功提供了重要保障。 “在疫情还在蔓延的特殊情况之下,我们还能在一些关键领域取得进展,表明我们有能力适应变化,并且能够在明年举行的第二阶段会议取得新的进展。”伊丽莎白·穆雷玛透露,第二阶段,各缔约方还将持续推进未决的问题,包括在昆明达成兼具雄心、务实和平衡的框架,制定与框架匹配的金融支持和机制等。(完) (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |